The sirtuin theory of aging is based on the role of sirtuins, a group of proteins involved in cellular processes, in the aging process. Sirtuins regulate gene expression, DNA repair, and metabolism, and their decline with age is thought to contribute to the aging process. The theory suggests that the decline in sirtuin activity leads to an accumulation of cellular damage and a decrease in the body's ability to repair and maintain cellular function. This can result in age-related diseases. Activating sirtuin activity has been shown to have potential anti-aging effects in various organisms, but further research is needed to fully understand their role in human aging.